The Cannonball tree, scientifically known as Couroupita guianensis, is a large and fascinating tropical tree native to South America and certain parts of the Caribbean and India. It belongs to the family Lecythidaceae. This tree is renowned for its unique appearance and extraordinary flowers, which resemble cannonballs, thus giving it its common name.
Plant Description:
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Size: The Cannonball tree can grow to be a massive tree, reaching heights of about 25 to 35 meters (80 to 115 feet) tall. The tree has a straight and tall trunk, and its crown can spread out to be equally wide.
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Leaves: The leaves of Couroupita guianensis are large, compound, and pinnate. Each leaf typically consists of 4 to 8 pairs of leaflets and a terminal leaflet. The leaflets are glossy, leathery, and dark green, providing an attractive foliage display.
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Flowers: One of the most unique features of the Cannonball tree is its unusual flowers. The flowers are large, globular, and fascinatingly resemble rusty cannonballs. Each flower can measure up to 5 to 10 centimeters (2 to 4 inches) in diameter. These cannonball-like flowers are composed of numerous waxy petals and have a strong, sweet, and distinctive fragrance.
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Fruits: After the flowers, the tree produces large, round, woody fruits that also resemble cannonballs, although smaller in size. These fruits can grow to about 10 to 15 centimeters (4 to 6 inches) in diameter and are woody in texture. They are filled with seeds embedded in a sweet, fragrant, and edible pulp.
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Bark: The bark of the Cannonball tree is dark brown and somewhat rough, with shallow fissures.
Cultural and Ecological Significance:
The Cannonball tree holds cultural and religious significance in regions where it is found. In India, for example, the tree is considered sacred and is often found near temples and other religious sites. It is also associated with various Hindu deities.
Ecologically, the Cannonball tree plays a vital role in supporting local biodiversity. Its large and fragrant flowers attract a variety of pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and bats. The tree's fruits are an important food source for various wildlife species.
Note: While the Cannonball tree is a magnificent and fascinating plant, its fruits and seeds should be consumed with caution, as they can be toxic if ingested in large quantities. It is essential to be aware of any potential risks and consult local experts before consuming any plant parts.
